DNA Replication & Cell Cycle Flashcard-2021

Front

What is DNA polymerase and its function?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that brings in complementing DNA nucleotides to bond with the exposed parent strand of DNA.

Front

What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Hydrogen bonds.

Front

What stage of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA condensing into chromosomes and the nucleus disappearing?

Back

Prophase.

Front

Why is DNA replication referred to as 'semi-conservative'?

Back

The old strand is 'conserved' and used to make the new strands.

Front

What are the end products of binary fission?

Back

Two independent daughter cells that are identical to each other.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs to expose the parent DNA templates.

Front

What is the function of RNA primase in DNA replication?

Back

RNA primase synthesizes the short RNA primer to set the location to start replication.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and is double-stranded, while RNA contains ribose sugar and is single-stranded.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the significance of the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is crucial for cell growth, DNA replication, and cell division, ensuring proper development and maintenance of organisms.