Semester 1 finals review Section 1&2

Front

Identify this type of cell: Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

Back

Prokaryote: A type of cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria.

Front

What is a hypothesis?

Back

Hypothesis: A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, based on observations, that can be tested through experimentation.

Front

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

Back

Monosaccharide: The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar molecule, such as glucose.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated Diffusion: The process by which molecules move across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a carrier protein.

Front

How is science best described?

Back

Science is best described as a way of knowing: It involves systematic observation, experimentation, and analysis to understand the natural world.

Front

What is the function of a cell membrane?

Back

Cell Membrane: A protective barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis: The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active Transport: The movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What are the main components of a cell?

Back

Main Components of a Cell: Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and organelles.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes: Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy.