🟢FLASHCARD Genetics - Alleles - Punnett Squares

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is a version of a gene that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present. For example, in pea plants, the tall plant trait (T) is dominant over the short plant trait (t).

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is a version of a gene that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies are present. For example, the short plant trait (t) is recessive and is only expressed when the genotype is tt.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic makeup of offspring from two parents. It shows all possible combinations of alleles.

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What do the letters in a Punnett square represent?

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The letters in a Punnett square represent the possible alleles that offspring can inherit from their parents, with one letter from each parent.

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What is the genotype?

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The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses, such as TT, Tt, or tt.

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What is the phenotype?

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The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is the purpose of a genetic cross?

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The purpose of a genetic cross is to study how traits are inherited and to predict the probability of certain traits appearing in offspring.

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What is the significance of the tall factor (T) in Mendel's experiments?

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The tall factor (T) is significant because it is the dominant trait in Mendel's pea plant experiments, meaning it will be expressed in the phenotype even if only one copy is present.

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What trait was dominant in the Pug investigation?

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The dominant trait in the Pug investigation was wrinkles.

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What does it mean if a trait is dominant?

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If a trait is dominant, it means that it will be expressed in the phenotype even if only one allele for that trait is present.