States of Matter and IMF Quest

Front

What happens to the particles of matter when the temperature increases?

Back

The particles speed up and move farther apart.

Front

Why is propane a gas at room temperature while bromine is a liquid?

Back

Bromine has stronger intermolecular forces than propane.

Front

What are the attractions between water molecules called?

Back

Hydrogen bonds.

Front

How are solids described in terms of shape and volume?

Back

Solids have a definite shape and definite volume.

Front

What two variables determine the phase of a substance?

Back

Temperature and pressure.

Front

Define intermolecular forces.

Back

Forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).

Front

What is the difference between a solid and a liquid in terms of particle arrangement?

Back

In solids, particles are closely packed in a fixed arrangement; in liquids, particles are close but can move past each other.

Front

What is the significance of temperature in phase changes?

Back

Temperature affects the kinetic energy of particles, influencing their state (solid, liquid, gas).

Front

Explain the concept of vapor pressure.

Back

Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid form at a given temperature.

Front

What is the role of pressure in determining the state of a substance?

Back

Increasing pressure can force particles closer together, potentially changing a gas to a liquid or solid.