Solutions, acids, and bases

Front

What is the definition of a solution?

Back

A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances, where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another (the solvent).

Front

What is concentration in the context of solutions?

Back

Concentration refers to the amount of solute present in a given volume of solvent or solution, often expressed in grams per liter (g/L) or molarity (M).

Front

How does temperature affect the solubility of most solids in water?

Back

Increasing temperatures usually increases the solubility of most solids in water.

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What characterizes an acid?

Back

An acid typically has a sour taste, turns blue litmus paper red, has a pH less than 7, and produces hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution.

Front

What characterizes a base?

Back

A base typically has a bitter taste, feels slippery, turns red litmus paper blue, has a pH greater than 7, and produces hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in solution.

Front

What is a weak base?

Back

A weak base is a base that does not fully dissociate in solution, resulting in a pH that is typically above 7 but below 14.

Front

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

Back

A strong acid completely dissociates in solution, while a weak acid only partially dissociates.

Front

What is the role of indicators in acid-base chemistry?

Back

Indicators are substances that change color in response to changes in pH, helping to identify whether a solution is acidic or basic.

Front

What is the solubility curve?

Back

A solubility curve is a graph that shows the relationship between the solubility of a substance and temperature.