Genes & Alleles

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable expression of a trait, such as hair color or eye color.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The set of alleles that an organism has/inherits for a particular trait.

Front

How is phenotype different from genotype?

Back

Phenotype refers to the physical expression of traits, while genotype refers to the genetic makeup.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Different forms of a gene that can exist for a particular trait.

Front

What does it mean if an allele is dominant?

Back

A dominant allele is one that will express its trait even if only one copy is present.

Front

What does it mean if an allele is recessive?

Back

A recessive allele only expresses its trait if two copies are present.

Front

What is the relationship between genes and traits?

Back

Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits.

Front

What is a chromosome?

Back

A structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information.

Front

How many chromosomes do humans have?

Back

Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross.