Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What is the process of synthesizing mRNA from DNA called?

Back

Transcription

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons on mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon on mRNA.

Front

What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids.

Front

Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

Back

Protein synthesis occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

AUG (which codes for Methionine) is the start codon.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

Back

The stop codon signals the end of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of making mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.