Chapter 19 Review

Front

What is the primary way most fossils are formed?

Back

Most fossils are formed by being buried in sediment.

Front

Which gas was probably not present in the atmosphere of the primitive Earth?

Back

Oxygen.

Front

What is the term for the appearance of similar characteristics in unrelated organisms, such as wings in birds and bats?

Back

Convergent Evolution.

Front

How are fossils created?

Back

Fossils are created when traces of organisms harden like rock, dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years, or animals get trapped.

Front

Who conducted the famous experiment that simulated early Earth conditions?

Back

Stanley Miller and Harold Urey.

Front

What is sediment?

Back

Sediment is small particles of rock, minerals, and organic material that accumulate over time.

Front

Define adaptive radiation.

Back

Adaptive radiation is the process by which organisms diversify rapidly into a variety of forms to adapt to different environments.

Front

What is macroevolution?

Back

Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolutionary changes that occur over long periods of time, leading to the emergence of new species.

Front

What is microevolution?

Back

Microevolution refers to small evolutionary changes within a species, often due to natural selection or genetic drift.

Front

What is the significance of fossils in understanding Earth's history?

Back

Fossils provide evidence of past life forms and help scientists understand the evolution of species and changes in the environment.