16. Protein Synthesis

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Part of cell where proteins are assembled

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Ribosome

Front

A codon is...

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3 nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid

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Part of the DNA nucleotide sequence is copied into a complementary RNA single strand in...

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Transcription

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Messenger RNA, carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell

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mRNA

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Decoding of mRNA message into chain of amino acids is...

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Translation

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What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

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tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

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What is the function of ribosomes in cells?

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Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis where amino acids are assembled into proteins.

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What is the difference between transcription and translation?

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Transcription is the process of copying DNA into RNA, while translation is the process of decoding mRNA to form a protein.

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What is the significance of the start codon?

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The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

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What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

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mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).