Cell Cycle & Mitosis Retake

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication). It consists of phases: interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M).

Front

What occurs during interphase?

Back

Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. It includes G1 (cell growth), S (DNA replication), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Front

Define mitosis.

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, allowing for the removal of unnecessary or damaged cells.

Front

What happens during prophase?

Back

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.

Front

Identify the phase where chromosomes align at the cell's equator.

Back

Metaphase is the phase where chromosomes align at the cell's equator, preparing for separation.

Front

What is the role of the centromere?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together and where the spindle fibers attach during mitosis.

Front

What occurs during anaphase?

Back

During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes.

Front

Define telophase.

Back

Telophase is the final stage of mitosis where the chromosomes de-condense, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, and the cell prepares to divide.

Front

Why is DNA replication important before mitosis?

Back

DNA replication is crucial before mitosis to ensure that each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic information.