Energy Flashcard Practice Earth Science

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

What is the difference between ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation?

Back

The primary difference is wavelength: ultraviolet has shorter wavelengths than visible light, which in turn has shorter wavelengths than infrared.

Front

What makes a laboratory setup efficient for heat transfer?

Back

An efficient setup minimizes energy loss to the environment, allowing more heat to be transferred from the hot substance to the cold one.

Front

Where is the density of air greatest in a room?

Back

The density of air is greatest at the lowest point in the room, typically near the floor, due to the effects of gravity.

Front

What happens when water vapor is formed from boiling water?

Back

When one gram of liquid water at its boiling point is changed into water vapor, 2260 J/g of energy is gained from the surrounding environment.

Front

Define radiation in the context of energy transfer.

Back

Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where energy is transferred from the hotter object to the cooler one.

Front

Explain the term 'insolation'.

Back

Insolation refers to the amount of solar radiation received by a given area, typically measured in watts per square meter.

Front

What is the role of temperature in convection currents?

Back

Temperature differences create density variations in fluids, leading to the movement of warmer, less dense fluid rising and cooler, denser fluid sinking.

Front

How does the size of an object affect heat transfer?

Back

Larger objects may have more surface area for heat transfer, but efficiency also depends on material properties and environmental conditions.