Cell Membrane and Transport

Front

What is the structure of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, creating a fluid mosaic model.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell, providing protection and support, and maintaining homeostasis.

Front

Define hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions in the context of the cell membrane.

Back

Hydrophobic regions repel water and are found in the interior of the phospholipid bilayer, while hydrophilic regions attract water and are found on the exterior surfaces.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of transporting molecules across a membrane via protein channels without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient.

Front

What role do aquaporins play in the cell membrane?

Back

Aquaporins are channel proteins that facilitate the rapid transport of water molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

Explain the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane.

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a dynamic structure with various proteins floating in or on the fluid lipid bilayer, allowing for flexibility and movement.

Front

What is homeostasis in the context of cell membranes?

Back

Homeostasis refers to the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

The sodium-potassium pump is a type of active transport that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, crucial for maintaining cellular function.