Final EXAM REVIEW

Front

What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What genotype is represented by 'tt'?

Back

The genotype 'tt' represents a homozygous recessive trait.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in genetics?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) copies the genetic instructions from DNA and carries them to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of the cell wall?

Back

The cell wall provides structural support and protection to the cell, and is found outside the cell membrane in plant cells.

Front

What organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Back

The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration.

Front

What does it mean if a trait is controlled by a dominant allele?

Back

If a trait is controlled by a dominant allele, it means that only one copy of the dominant allele is needed for the trait to be expressed.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their traits even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their traits.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert nutrients into energy, using oxygen to break down glucose.

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors.