AP Biology Unit Two

Front

What is the importance of increasing surface area in cells?

Back

Increasing surface area allows for greater exchange of materials (like gases and nutrients) and enhances the efficiency of chemical reactions without increasing cell size.

Front

What organelle is responsible for hydrolysis in cells?

Back

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes to break down macromolecules.

Front

Describe the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of the cellular membrane.

Back

The hydrophobic region faces inward, away from water, while the hydrophilic region faces outward towards the aqueous environment.

Front

What is the 'cis' side of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The 'cis' side is the receiving side of the Golgi apparatus where proteins and lipids enter.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA.

Front

Define homeostasis in the context of cellular function.

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of a cell to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Front

What is the role of vacuoles in cells?

Back

Vacuoles are storage organelles that can hold various substances, including nutrients, waste products, and water.

Front

Explain the function of chloroplasts in plant cells.

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and various organelles.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and structural support.