Final Exam - Semester 1

Front

What is a phospholipid?

Back

A phospholipid is a type of lipid molecule that is a major component of cell membranes, consisting of two fatty acids, a glycerol unit, and a phosphate group.

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

The three components of a nucleotide are sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

Front

What is the stage of mitosis where chromosomes align in the middle of the cell?

Back

The stage of mitosis where chromosomes align in the middle of the cell is called Metaphase.

Front

What is positive feedback in biological systems?

Back

Positive feedback is a process that enhances or amplifies changes; in biological systems, it often leads to a greater response, such as during childbirth.

Front

What is the expected percentage of offspring showing a dominant trait in a monohybrid cross?

Back

In a monohybrid cross, the expected percentage of offspring showing the dominant trait is 75%.

Front

What role do carbohydrates play in the cell membrane?

Back

Carbohydrates in the cell membrane are involved in cell recognition and signaling.

Front

What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

Back

Cholesterol helps to stabilize the cell membrane's fluidity and structure.

Front

What occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Back

During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What is the significance of the nitrogen base in nucleotides?

Back

The nitrogen base in nucleotides determines the genetic code and the sequence of amino acids in proteins.