AP Biology Unit 4 Review

Front

What is density dependent inhibition in the cell cycle?

Back

Density dependent inhibition is a regulatory mechanism where cell growth and division are inhibited when cells become crowded, primarily involving membrane proteins.

Front

What role do cyclins play in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that activate cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which are essential for the progression of the cell cycle and the process of cell division.

Front

What is the function of CDKs in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are enzymes that, when activated by cyclins, phosphorylate target proteins to drive the cell cycle forward.

Front

How do enzymes facilitate signal transduction in cells?

Back

Enzymes can pass phosphate groups down a series of proteins, which is a key mechanism in signal transduction pathways.

Front

What is a catabolic reaction?

Back

A catabolic reaction is a metabolic process that breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process.

Front

What is osmoregulation?

Back

Osmoregulation is the process by which organisms regulate the water and electrolyte balance in their bodies, primarily involving hormones like ADH.

Front

What is the role of ADH in the body?

Back

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps regulate water balance in the body by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Front

What are membrane proteins and their significance in cell signaling?

Back

Membrane proteins are integral components of cell membranes that play crucial roles in communication, signaling, and transport between cells.

Front

What is the significance of cAMP in cellular signaling?

Back

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) acts as a secondary messenger in many signaling pathways, activating various cellular responses.

Front

What is the difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions?

Back

Anabolic reactions build complex molecules from simpler ones and require energy, while catabolic reactions break down complex molecules and release energy.