AP Stats Unit 2 MCQ Practice

Front

What is a residual in the context of regression analysis?

Back

A residual is the difference between the observed value and the predicted value from a regression line.

Front

What is the least-squares regression line?

Back

The least-squares regression line is the line that minimizes the sum of the squares of the residuals (the differences between observed and predicted values).

Front

How do you interpret the slope of a least-squares regression line?

Back

The slope indicates the change in the dependent variable for each one-unit increase in the independent variable.

Front

What does r² represent in regression analysis?

Back

r² represents the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that can be explained by the independent variable.

Front

What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.

Front

What is the difference between correlation and causation?

Back

Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while causation implies that one variable directly affects the other.

Front

What does a positive correlation indicate?

Back

A positive correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase.

Front

What is a scatterplot?

Back

A scatterplot is a graphical representation of the relationship between two quantitative variables, showing individual data points.

Front

What does it mean if a residual plot shows no pattern?

Back

If a residual plot shows no pattern, it suggests that the linear regression model is appropriate for the data.

Front

What is the purpose of a linear regression analysis?

Back

The purpose of linear regression analysis is to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.