AP World History Unit 3

Front

The relationship between levels of military personnel and state revenues as shown in the table is best understood in the context of which of the following global developments in the period 1450–1750?

Back

As military forces expanded and became more professionalized, states were forced to develop new ways to generate revenue.

Answer explanation

The data in the table show that as military forces increased in number, state revenue expanded as well. The expansion of military personnel was largely the result of the establishment of standing armies, in which soldiers were paid a regular wage to serve in the state’s military. To pay for ever-expanding armies, states needed to collect more and more revenue.

Front

The trends in military personnel and state revenue shown in the table are best understood in the context of which of the following changes in the relationship between states and local elites in the period 1450–1750?

Back

States increasingly centralized their authority at the expense of local elites.

Answer explanation

While local elites still retained significant power, states’ abilities to maintain standing armies and acquire larger and larger amounts of revenue allowed states to centralize their authority and reduce the power of local elites.

Front

Which of the following developments in the period 1450–1750 is best understood as a response to the trends shown in the table? Options: The creation of divine-right theories of monarchy, The creation of larger state bureaucracies, The emergence of tribute collection as a form of taxation, The emergence of banking systems

Back

The creation of larger state bureaucracies

Answer explanation

Because states developed standing armies and had more revenue coming in to their respective treasuries, they needed more bureaucrats to manage the larger armies and revenues.