Biology Fall Final

Front

What is speciation due to geographic isolation?

Back

Speciation occurs when populations of a species become isolated from each other due to geographic barriers, leading to the development of distinct species. An example is fruit flies that colonized the Hawaiian Islands and can no longer breed with mainland fruit flies.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which link together to form polypeptides and proteins.

Front

What is the level of organization that includes groups of organs working together?

Back

An organ system is a level of biological organization where different organs work together to perform complex functions.

Front

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the organelles that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.

Front

What process allows root cells to absorb minerals against their concentration gradient?

Back

Active transport is the process that enables root cells to absorb minerals from the soil even when the concentration is higher inside the cell.

Front

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.