Module 10 Practice Questions

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for a claim that a car's mean gas mileage is better than 26 mpg?

Back

Ho: µ = 26; Ha: µ > 26

Front

What does a p-value represent in hypothesis testing?

Back

The p-value is the probability of obtaining data as extreme as observed, assuming the null hypothesis is true.

Front

What does a smaller p-value indicate in hypothesis testing?

Back

The smaller the p-value, the more evidence the data provide against the null hypothesis and in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for testing if a car's mpg is overrated at 47 mpg?

Back

Ho: µ = 47; Ha: µ ≠ 47

Front

What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the claim that the percentage of students with loan debt has increased from 68%?

Back

Ho: µ = 0.68; Ha: µ > 0.68

Front

Define null hypothesis (Ho).

Back

The null hypothesis is a statement that there is no effect or no difference, and it serves as a starting point for statistical testing.

Front

Define alternative hypothesis (Ha).

Back

The alternative hypothesis is a statement that indicates the presence of an effect or a difference, opposing the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the significance of a p-value of 0.22 in hypothesis testing?

Back

A p-value of 0.22 suggests that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Front

What is the relationship between sample size and p-value?

Back

Larger sample sizes generally lead to smaller p-values, making it easier to detect a true effect.

Front

What does it mean if the p-value is less than the significance level (e.g., 0.05)?

Back

If the p-value is less than the significance level, we reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis.