Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) serves as a template for protein synthesis, carrying the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are made.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

How do mutations affect organisms?

Back

Mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral depending on their effects on the organism's ability to survive and reproduce.

Front

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Back

The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, is double-stranded, and has thymine (T), while RNA contains ribose sugar, is single-stranded, and has uracil (U) instead of thymine.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.