Fossil Record Flashcard

Front

What are homologous structures?

Back

Homologous structures are bones or organs found in different animals that closely resemble each other, indicating that these organisms share a common ancestor.

Front

What conclusion can be drawn from the presence of homologous structures in different species?

Back

All share a common ancestor but have evolved through natural selection.

Front

What is the significance of the fossil layer in which a fossil is found?

Back

The layer indicates the relative age of the fossil; fossils found in lower layers are older than those found in higher layers.

Front

What does it mean if a fossil is found in the first layer of rock?

Back

It means that the fossil is the oldest among those found in the layers above it.

Front

How did life evolve according to the fossil record?

Back

Life began in the ocean and evolved through natural selection towards life on land, with fish evolving first, followed by reptiles, mammals, and birds.

Front

What types of fossils are found in layer 5?

Back

Fossils C and D are found in layer 5.

Front

What is the purpose of studying the fossil record?

Back

The fossil record helps scientists understand the history of life on Earth, including how species have evolved over time.

Front

What does natural selection refer to?

Back

Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is a common ancestor?

Back

A common ancestor is a species from which two or more different species have evolved.

Front

What is the difference between relative dating and absolute dating of fossils?

Back

Relative dating determines the age of fossils in relation to other fossils, while absolute dating provides a specific age using methods like radiometric dating.