Genetics Vocabulary Flashcard

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Structures found in the nucleus of a cell that contain DNA

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Chromosomes are structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information.

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This is what you see, a physical characteristic.

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Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism, such as height, color, and shape.

Front

A segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines a trait

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A Gene is a specific sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait.

Front

The trait that is expressed, not hidden, shown with an upper case letter.

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Dominant traits are expressed in the phenotype and are represented by uppercase letters.

Front

The hidden trait, shown with a lower case letter

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Recessive traits are not expressed in the phenotype unless two recessive alleles are present, represented by lowercase letters.

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The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by letters

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Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an individual, including both dominant and recessive alleles.

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The combination of alleles for a specific gene

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, while heterozygous refers to having two different alleles.

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The observable traits of an organism resulting from the genotype

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Phenotype is the expression of the genotype in the organism's physical appearance.

Front

A trait that can mask the presence of another trait

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Dominant traits can overshadow recessive traits in the phenotype.

Front

The physical expression of a trait in an organism

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Phenotype is what you can see, such as eye color or flower color.