23-24 Biology Fall Final Review

Front

What are heterotrophs?

Back

Organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming other organisms for energy. Examples include animals, fungi, and some bacteria.

Front

What is the main characteristic of the kingdom Animalia?

Back

Organisms in the kingdom Animalia are multicellular, eukaryotic, and heterotrophic, meaning they obtain their food by consuming other organisms.

Front

What is complementary DNA strand?

Back

A DNA strand that pairs with another DNA strand according to base pairing rules (A with T, C with G). For example, the complementary strand for AGG-TAA-CCA is TCC-ATT-GGT.

Front

What is cancer?

Back

Cancer is a disease characterized by unregulated cell division that can lead to the formation of tumors.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria in cells?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Front

What holds the two strands of DNA together?

Back

Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases hold the two strands of DNA together.

Front

What are nitrogenous bases?

Back

Nitrogenous bases are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U) in RNA.

Front

What is the role of muscle cells in the body?

Back

Muscle cells are specialized for contraction and movement, requiring a high number of mitochondria to meet their energy demands.

Front

What is a tumor?

Back

A tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells divide uncontrollably, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix structure composed of two strands of nucleotides, with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases in the center.