Midterm Review # 2 ( Rocks and Minerals)

Front

What is granite?

Back

Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica, formed from the slow crystallization of magma beneath the Earth's surface.

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How does the cooling rate of magma affect crystal size in rocks?

Back

Magma that cools slowly allows larger crystals to form, while magma that cools quickly results in smaller crystals.

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What is basalt?

Back

Basalt is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms from the rapid cooling of lava at the Earth's surface, typically containing small crystals.

Front

What is banding in rocks?

Back

Banding is a characteristic feature of metamorphic rocks, where minerals are arranged in layers or bands due to high pressure and temperature.

Front

Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils?

Back

Sedimentary rocks, particularly limestone, are most often associated with containing fossils.

Front

What is the streak test in mineralogy?

Back

The streak test is a method used to determine the color of a mineral's powder by scratching it across an unglazed porcelain tile.

Front

What is the definition of hardness in minerals?

Back

Hardness is a measure of a mineral's resistance to scratching, often determined using the Mohs scale.

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What are igneous rocks?

Back

Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock (magma or lava) and can be classified as intrusive or extrusive.

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What are metamorphic rocks?

Back

Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that have been transformed by heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.

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What are sedimentary rocks?

Back

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles, often containing fossils.