Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

What is transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

The process of decoding mRNA to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the sequence of DNA that can affect protein synthesis.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A mutation that involves a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A point mutation that creates a premature stop codon, leading to incomplete protein.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A point mutation that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in a protein.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A point mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation caused by insertions or deletions that shift the reading frame of the genetic code.