Genetics and Chromosomes

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What is DNA?

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DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic information in your body's cells; it is made up of four chemicals called bases abbreviated A, T, C, and G.

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What are alleles?

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Alleles are the two versions of each gene that human cells carry, one from each parent.

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to a gene pair where each allele in the pair is a different version.

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What is a gene?

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A gene is a distinct portion of your cell's DNA that carries genetic instructions for a particular protein.

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What is genotype?

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Genotype is the set of genes responsible for a particular trait or phenotype.

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What is phenotype?

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Phenotype is the physical expression of a set of genes for a particular trait.

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What is a chromosome?

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A chromosome is a long strand of DNA that contains many genes.

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What is the role of RNA in genetics?

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RNA is involved in translating the genetic information from DNA into proteins.

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when paired with a different allele.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when paired with another recessive allele.