AP Cell Communication

Front

What is a signaling molecule in cell communication?

Back

Ligand

Front

What factors determine whether a signal molecule binds on the surface or enters the cell?

Back

Size, polarity, and ability to cross the membrane.

Front

What type of receptor is known as RTKs?

Back

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) are a class of receptors that, when bound by a ligand, activate their intrinsic kinase activity.

Front

Do all cells have the same response to the same signal?

Back

False. Different cells can respond differently to the same signal.

Front

What type of signals involve long-distance communication through hormones?

Back

Endocrine signals.

Front

What is the role of a ligand in cell communication?

Back

A ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor to initiate a cellular response.

Front

What is the difference between paracrine and endocrine signaling?

Back

Paracrine signaling involves local signaling between nearby cells, while endocrine signaling involves long-distance signaling through hormones.

Front

What is a G-protein coupled receptor?

Back

A G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) is a large family of cell surface receptors that respond to various external signals and activate internal signal transduction pathways.

Front

What is a gated ion channel?

Back

A gated ion channel is a type of membrane protein that opens or closes in response to specific signals, allowing ions to pass through the membrane.

Front

What is the function of cAMP in cell signaling?

Back

cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) acts as a secondary messenger that transmits signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell.