Monohybrid Cross

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What is a monohybrid cross?

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A genetic cross between individuals that differ in one trait, typically involving one pair of contrasting traits.

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What does genotype refer to?

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The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by alleles (e.g., Bb, BB, bb).

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What is a heterozygous genotype?

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A genotype consisting of two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Bb).

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What is a homozygous genotype?

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A genotype consisting of two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., BB or bb).

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What does phenotype refer to?

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The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype (e.g., red hair, tall plant).

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What are dominant alleles?

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Alleles that express their trait even when only one copy is present (e.g., B in Bb).

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What are recessive alleles?

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Alleles that only express their trait when two copies are present (e.g., aa).

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What is a Punnett square?

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A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What does it mean if an allele is represented by a capital letter?

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It typically indicates a dominant allele.

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What does it mean if an allele is represented by a lowercase letter?

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It typically indicates a recessive allele.