Honors Unit 2 The Mole

Front

What is the empirical formula?

Back

The empirical formula is the simplest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound.

Front

How do you calculate the molar mass of a compound?

Back

To calculate the molar mass, sum the atomic masses of all the atoms in the compound's formula.

Front

What is the molecular formula?

Back

The molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound.

Front

How do you determine the empirical formula from percent composition?

Back

Convert the percent composition to grams, then to moles, and find the simplest ratio of moles.

Front

What is Avogadro's number?

Back

Avogadro's number is 6.02 x 10^23, representing the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance.

Front

How do you calculate the concentration of a solution?

Back

Concentration (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is dilution?

Back

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually by adding more solvent.

Front

What is a hydrate?

Back

A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules within its crystal structure.

Front

How do you find the value of X in a hydrate formula?

Back

Determine the mass of water in the hydrate, then use the molar mass to find the number of moles of water and the ratio to the anhydrous compound.

Front

What is the significance of the percent composition of a compound?

Back

Percent composition helps identify the relative amounts of each element in a compound, which is useful for determining empirical formulas.