2.15 Test Study Guide: Evolution

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What does the theory of evolution propose?

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The theory of evolution proposes that species change over time through processes such as natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation.

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What is natural selection?

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Natural selection is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

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What is an allele frequency?

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Allele frequency is the proportion of a specific allele among all allele copies in a population.

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How do amino acid sequences support evolutionary relationships?

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Comparing amino acid sequences can reveal genetic similarities and differences, indicating how closely related different species are.

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What is a common ancestor?

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A common ancestor is a species from which two or more different species have evolved.

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What role do embryos play in understanding evolution?

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Comparing embryos of different organisms can show similarities in development, suggesting a common ancestry.

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What is genetic variation?

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Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA among individuals within a population, which is essential for natural selection.

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What is stabilizing selection?

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Stabilizing selection is a type of natural selection that favors average traits and reduces variation.

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What is the significance of fossil evidence in evolution?

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Fossil evidence provides historical records of past life forms and shows how species have changed over time.

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What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?

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Microevolution refers to small-scale changes within a species, while macroevolution refers to large-scale changes that can lead to the emergence of new species.