Chapter 5 Review

Front

What is a lipid?

Back

A lipid is a biomolecule that is primarily made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Lipids are hydrophobic and include fats, oils, and waxes.

Front

What does specificity mean in the context of enzymes?

Back

Specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction for a specific substrate, meaning only one type of substrate can fit into its active site.

Front

What are proteins made of?

Back

Proteins are polymers formed from amino acids, which are linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

Which biomolecules consist only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

Back

Lipids and carbohydrates are the two biomolecules that consist only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Front

What is the optimum pH for enzyme activity?

Back

The optimum pH is the pH at which an enzyme exhibits maximum activity. For some enzymes, this can be around 6.6.

Front

What are the four main types of biomolecules?

Back

The four main types of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is denaturation in proteins?

Back

Denaturation is the process where proteins lose their structure and function due to external stressors like heat or pH changes.

Front

What is a substrate in enzymatic reactions?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

How do temperature changes affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature changes can affect enzyme activity; typically, higher temperatures increase activity up to a point, after which the enzyme may denature.