Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

Back

In the nucleus.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides (one codon).

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

AUG, which codes for Methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

Back

It signals the end of protein synthesis, indicating that the ribosome should release the newly formed polypeptide.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.