**The Cell Membrane and Transport**

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, providing protection and structural support.

Front

Define passive transport.

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically along a concentration gradient.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the process of moving substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (usually from ATP).

Front

Explain the term 'hypotonic solution'.

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing the cell to swell and potentially burst.

Front

What happens to cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

Cells placed in a hypertonic solution will lose water and shrink due to the higher concentration of solutes outside the cell.

Front

What is the role of membrane proteins?

Back

Membrane proteins assist in transporting substances across the cell membrane and play roles in communication and signaling.

Front

Define diffusion.

Back

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

Explain the concept of a concentration gradient.

Back

A concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance across a space, driving the movement of molecules.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf substances from their external environment, bringing them into the cell.