Solutions, Acids & Bases

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Solution

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A homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

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Solute

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The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

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Solvent

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The substance in which the solute is dissolved.

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Acid

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A substance that donates hydrogen ions and therefore lowers pH.

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Base

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A substance that accepts hydrogen ions and therefore raises pH.

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Dissociation

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The process by which molecules split into smaller particles such as atoms, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner.

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Solubility Curve

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A graph showing the solubility of a substance at various temperatures.

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Concentration

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The amount of a substance per defined space; concentration = mass/volume.

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Molarity

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A measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance in a given volume.

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Solvation

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The process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution.