Biology Flashcards

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Aquaporin

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A protein channel in cell membranes that allows water molecules to pass through quickly

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Cell

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The basic unit of life; the smallest structure capable of performing all the processes necessary for life

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Cell membrane

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The selectively permeable barrier surrounding all cells, controlling what enters and exits

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Cell theory

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The fundamental idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells

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Cell wall

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A rigid layer outside the cell membrane in plants, fungi, and some bacteria, providing structural support and protection

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Chloroplast

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An organelle in plant cells that carries out photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy

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Cytoplasm

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The gel-like substance within a cell in which organelles are suspended

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Cytoskeleton

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A network of protein filaments that gives a cell its shape and helps organelles move within the cell

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Diffusion

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The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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Endoplasmic reticulum

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A network of membranes in the cell involved in protein and lipid synthesis