AP World Unit 5 Vocab

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Enlightenment

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An intellectual movement in the 18th century emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.

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Social Contract

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A theory that individuals consent to form a government that protects their rights, proposed by thinkers like Rousseau and Locke.

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Natural Rights

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Rights that are inherent to all humans, including life, liberty, and property, as advocated by John Locke.

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Popular Sovereignty

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The principle that the legitimacy of the government comes from the consent of the governed.

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Nationalism

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A sense of shared identity and pride in one's nation, often leading to movements for independence or unification.

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Liberalism

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A political philosophy advocating for civil liberties, free markets, and limited government.

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Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

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A 1789 French document affirming equality, freedom of speech, and resistance to oppression.

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Reign of Terror

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A period of violence during the French Revolution, marked by mass executions of perceived enemies.

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Haitian Revolution

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A successful slave revolt in Saint-Domingue (1791–1804) leading to Haiti's independence.

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American Revolution

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The struggle (1775–1783) in which the Thirteen Colonies won independence from Britain.