Genetics and Heredity

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Trait

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An inherited characteristic

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Heredity

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The passing of genetic material (DNA) from parent to offspring

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Genetics

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The study of heredity

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Chromosome

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One of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein

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Gene

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A set of DNA instructions for a trait

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Dominate allele

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The allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in the genetic make-up.

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Recessive allele

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The allele that is masked unless the organism is purebred for the trait

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Genotype

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The specific combination of genes for a trait.

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Phenotype

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Organism’s physical traits that are a result of the genetic make-up.

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Homozygous

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Having two dominate alleles for a trait or having two recessive alleles for a trait.