Biology Concepts Flashcards

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Alleles

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Different versions of the same gene that can give you traits like eye color or hair type.

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Chromosomes

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Instruction manuals made of DNA, neatly packed into tiny bundles inside your cells.

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DNA

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A recipe book that tells your body how to grow, function, and look.

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Genes

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Specific recipes in the DNA book for making proteins that shape your traits.

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Heredity

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The way parents pass down traits like height, hair color, or dimples to their kids.

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Mendelian

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Refers to how traits are inherited in simple patterns, like Gregor Mendel’s pea plant experiments.

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Mutations

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Changes in DNA that can create new traits, similar to a typo in a recipe.

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Natural selection

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Nature’s way of picking the traits that help plants or animals survive best in their environment.

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Phenotype

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The way you look or act based on your genes and environment.

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Genotype

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Your genetic blueprint, like the code behind your physical traits.