Unit 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

Front

Lactose

Back

A complex sugar found in milk, broken down into glucose and galactose.

Front

Lactase

Back

A digestive enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.

Front

Lactose Intolerance (lactase non-persistence)

Back

the inability to digest lactose due to not having the lactase enzyme.

Front

Enzymes

Back

Proteins that speed up biochemical reactions like digestion and cellular respiration.

Front

Proteins

Back

Molecules that serve many functions in organisms, and their shape is important to their function.

Front

Allele

Back

A variation of a gene or trait

ex) Brown Hair Allele vs. Blonde Hair Allele, Lactose Intolerance vs. Lactose Tolerance 

Front

Traits

Back

Physical or behavioral characteristics of organisms. Determined by a mixture of DNA & the environment

Front

DNA

Back

biomolecule of genetic material in a cell’s nucleus. Instructions for building proteins

Front

Genes

Back

Specific messages in DNA that “code for” proteins  

Front

Chromosomes

Back

very long DNA molecule in a cell’s nucleus,  contains thousands of genes, humans have 46 chromosomes