Basic Chemistry Concepts

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Atom

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Basic unit of matter. Smallest particle of an element.

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Atomic number

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron

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A subatomic particle that has a negative charge.

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Electron dot diagram

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A model of an atom in which each dot represents a valence electron.

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Element

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A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

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Orbital levels

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A region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found.

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Ion

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An atom or group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.

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Isotope

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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

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Mass number

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The sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus.

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Neutron

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A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom.