B1.2 Proteins

Front

What is the structure of a generalized amino acid?

Back

A generalized amino acid has an alpha carbon atom, an amine group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom, and an R-group.

Front

What is attached to the alpha carbon atom in an amino acid?

Back

The amine group, carboxyl group, R-group, and hydrogen atom are attached to the alpha carbon.

Front

What is the role of the R-group in an amino acid?

Back

The R-group determines the specific properties and function of the amino acid.

Front

What does the amine group in an amino acid contain?

Back

The amine group contains a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms (-NH2).

Front

What happens during a condensation reaction between two amino acids?

Back

A peptide bond is formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another, releasing water.

Front

What is the word equation for the condensation reaction forming a dipeptide?

Back

Amino acid + Amino acid → Dipeptide + Water.

Front

What is a dipeptide?

Back

A dipeptide is a molecule consisting of two amino acids linked by a peptide bond.

Front

What role does water play in the formation of dipeptides?

Back

Water is released during the condensation reaction, forming the peptide bond.

Front

How do molecular models help in understanding peptide bond formation?

Back

Molecular models can visually show the bonding between amino acids and the release of water.

Front

What are essential amino acids?

Back

Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food.