Atoms and Periodic Table Concepts and Vocabulary

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Atom

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The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.

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Electron

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A subatomic particle that has a negative charge.

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Nucleus

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An atom's central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons.

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Proton

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A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom.

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Neutron

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A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron Cloud

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A region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found.

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Atomic Number

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Mass Number

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The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Periodic Table

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An arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers such that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group.

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Chemical Symbol

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A one, two, or three-letter abbreviation of the name of an element.