Key Terms in Data Privacy and Security

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Big data

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Large amounts of information automatically collected from electronic sources (such as mobile apps, website cookies, and store loyalty cards)

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Competitive advantage

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Any condition or circumstance that puts a business in a favorable position over its competitors

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Consistent

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Unchanging

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Cookies

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Text files that are put on a website visitor’s hard drive and then later retrieved during subsequent visits to the site to track internet behavior

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Data breach

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A situation in which private data have potentially been viewed, stolen, or used by an unauthorized individual or group

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Data encryption

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The process of transforming information into a secret code so that only the recipient can read it

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Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPP)

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A set of guidelines published by the Federal Trade Commission meant to establish ethical practices for handling information in the electronic marketplace

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Federal Trade Commission

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The federal agency that administers and enforces customer-protection laws (e.g., antitrust laws, unfair competitive practices)

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Identity theft

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The fraudulent acquisition and use of a person’s private identifying information (e.g., name, Social Security number), usually for financial gain

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Integrity

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Adhering to an established set of ethics and sound moral principles