Key Figures of World War II

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Adolf Hitler

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Leader of Nazi Germany, responsible for initiating WWII and orchestrating the Holocaust.

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Benito Mussolini

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Fascist dictator of Italy and Hitler’s ally until he was overthrown in 1943.

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Emperor Hirohito

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Japan’s emperor during WWII, though military leaders held most power.

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Hideki Tojo

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Prime Minister and military leader who led Japan's aggressive expansion and ordered the attack on Pearl Harbor.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

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U.S. president for most of WWII, led the country through the war until his death in 1945.

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Harry S. Truman

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Succeeded Roosevelt in 1945 and made the decision to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

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Winston Churchill

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British Prime Minister who led Britain through WWII with strong speeches and military strategy.

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Joseph Stalin

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Soviet dictator who led the USSR in fighting Nazi Germany and later shaped post-war Europe.

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J. Robert Oppenheimer

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Lead scientist in the Manhattan Project, which developed the atomic bomb.

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Anne Frank

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Jewish girl whose diary documented life hiding from Nazis before she was sent to a concentration camp.