Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Terms

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Recombinant DNA

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DNA that has been artificially made by combining DNA from different organisms.

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Genetic engineering

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The direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

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DNA Polymerase

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An enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides.

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Reverse transcriptase

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An enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an RNA template.

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Restriction endonuclease

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An enzyme that cuts DNA at specific sequences.

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DNA ligase

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An enzyme that joins together DNA strands.

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Gene editing

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The process of making specific changes to the DNA of a cell or organism.

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PCR

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Polymerase Chain Reaction, a method used to amplify DNA.

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Gel electrophoresis

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A technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.