G8 Unit 6 Lesson 1: Genetic Change and Traits Flashcards

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Gene

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A segment of DNA that provides instructions for an inherited trait.

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DNA

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The genetic material in cells, shaped like a double helix.

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Chromosome

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A structure made of DNA that contains many genes.

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Nucleotides

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Small building blocks that make up DNA. One part of the nucleotide is called the base (A, T, C, or G). They fit together like puzzle pieces to form the instructions for traits.

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Trait

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A characteristic of an organism, such as eye color or height.

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Mutation

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A change in the base-pair sequence of a gene.

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Protein

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A molecule made of amino acids that helps build and repair body structures.

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Amino Acid

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A building block of proteins.

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Triplet Code

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A sequence of three DNA bases that codes for a specific amino acid.

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Enzyme

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A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions.