What is the purpose of dextrose in blood preservation?

It provides ATP for cells to stay alive.

What is the function of CPD?

Citrate Phosphate Dextrose helps preserve blood for up to 21 days.

What is the Rh system?

A blood antigen discovered in 1940.

What is the ABO blood group system?

A major blood group system important for transfusions.

Proteins that help the body fight off foreign substances.

The genetic makeup of an individual.

The physical appearance of an individual.

What is a dominant trait?

A trait that shows up when at least one dominant gene is present.

What is a recessive trait?

A trait that shows up only when two recessive genes are present.

The destruction of red blood cells.

What is hemagglutination?

The clumping of red blood cells.

What is zeta potential?

The electric charge on the surface of red blood cells.

What is the purpose of blood typing?

To find out a person's blood group.

What is the Landsteiner law?

It explains how blood groups are determined by antigens and antibodies.

What is the Bombay phenotype?

A rare blood type that lacks H antigen.

What is the role of genetics in blood types?

Genetics determines the blood type inherited from parents.

What is the significance of the H antigen?

It is necessary for the formation of A and B antigens.

What is the purpose of using a plain top tube in blood tests?

To avoid interference from fibrinogen.

What is the difference between direct and indirect blood typing?

Direct detects antigens on RBCs, while indirect detects antibodies in serum.

What is the function of anti-A and anti-B typing sera?

They are used to detect A and B antigens in blood typing.

What is the importance of washing RBCs before testing?

To remove excess proteins that can interfere with results.

What is the grading scheme in blood typing?

It describes the strength of agglutination reactions.

What does a 4+ grade mean in agglutination?

One solid large clump of red blood cells.

What is the role of lectins in blood typing?

They are substances that can react with blood antigens.

What is the purpose of using known red cell suspensions in blood typing?

To detect unknown antibodies in a patient's serum.

What is the significance of the ABO antibodies?

They are naturally occurring and help identify blood types.

What happens if there is a mismatch in blood transfusion?

It can lead to a hemolytic transfusion reaction.

What is the role of the immune system in blood typing?

It helps identify foreign antigens and produce antibodies.

What is the purpose of the grading scheme in agglutination?

To describe the appearance and strength of the agglutination reaction.

What is the role of enzymes in zeta potential?

They can decrease zeta potential, allowing RBCs to interact.

What is the importance of the H antigen in blood types?

It is the acceptor structure for A and B antigens.

What is the purpose of using a gel in blood typing?

To trap agglutinates when they form.

What is the significance of the 37th day of fetal life?

ABO antigens start to be expressed.

What is the role of glycosyltransferases in blood types?

They add sugars to form A and B antigens.

What is the purpose of the ISBT?

To standardize the reporting of RBC antigens.

What is the role of the secretor gene?

It allows the presence of soluble ABH antigens in body fluids.

What is the difference between naturally occurring and immune antibodies?

Naturally occurring antibodies do not require an immune response.

What is the importance of the 2-5% red cell suspension?

It is used for accurate blood typing.

What is the purpose of sodium azide in typing sera?

It preserves the serum and prevents bacterial growth.

What is the significance of the 3-6 months after birth?

ABO antibodies become detectable.

What is the role of the anti-AB typing serum?

It detects A and B antigens and serves as a control.

Introduction to Immunohematology and Blood Types Flashcards

Student preview

91 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is Immunohematology?

Back

The study of red blood cell (RBC) antigens and antibodies related to blood transfusions.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What does RBC stand for?

Back

Red Blood Cell.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What happens if RBC antigens are not compatible?

Back

The patient's immune system will recognize the antigen as foreign and destroy it.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is Transfusion Medicine?

Back

A science that helps use blood or blood products to treat or prevent disease.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

When was the first documented blood transfusion?

Back

In 1492.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Who was the first person to transfuse blood to humans in 1829?

Back

James Blundell.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are anticoagulants?

Back

Chemical agents that keep blood in liquid form.

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