AP Chemistry Equilibrium

Front

What is chemical equilibrium?

Back

Chemical equilibrium is the state in a reversible reaction where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, resulting in constant concentrations of reactants and products.

Front

What is Le Chatelier's Principle?

Back

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change.

Front

How does temperature affect equilibrium?

Back

Increasing temperature favors the endothermic direction of a reaction, while decreasing temperature favors the exothermic direction.

Front

What is the equilibrium constant (K)?

Back

The equilibrium constant (K) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium, each raised to the power of their coefficients in the balanced equation.

Front

What is the solubility product constant (Ksp)?

Back

Ksp is the equilibrium constant for a saturated solution of a sparingly soluble ionic compound, representing the product of the molar concentrations of its ions.

Front

What is a weak acid?

Back

A weak acid is an acid that partially dissociates in solution, establishing an equilibrium between the undissociated acid and its ions.

Front

What role does a conjugate base play in acid-base reactions?

Back

A conjugate base is the species that remains after an acid donates a proton; it can react with hydrogen ions to help maintain pH.

Front

What is molar solubility?

Back

Molar solubility is the number of moles of solute that can dissolve in a liter of solution at equilibrium.

Front

How do you calculate Ksp from molar solubility?

Back

To calculate Ksp from molar solubility (s), use the expression derived from the dissociation of the compound, substituting s for the concentrations of the ions.

Front

What is the significance of the time to reach equilibrium?

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The time to reach equilibrium indicates how quickly a reaction can establish a balance between reactants and products, which can vary based on reaction conditions.