Genetic Concepts and Terminology

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DNA

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Large molecules that contain genes

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Genes

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Small segments of DNA that contain information

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Chromosomes

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A long, coiled thread of DNA

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Genome

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The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism

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Mutation

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A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic diversity or disease

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Phenotype

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An organisms observed characteristics

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Polygenic

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Many genes interact to create one characteristic

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Monogenic

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Single gene passed on

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Alleles

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Different forms of genes, one from mom and one from dad

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Dominant

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Shows affect from one allele